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Ajax (shorthand for asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a group of interrelated web development techniques used on the client-side to create interactive web applications. With Ajax, web applications can retrieve data from the server asynchronously in the background without interfering with the display and behavior of the existing page. The use of Ajax techniques has led to an increase in interactive or dynamic interfaces on web pages. Data is usually retrieved using the XMLHttpRequest object. Despite the name, the use of XML is not actually required, nor do the requests need to be asynchronous 70-632.

Like DHTML and LAMP, Ajax is not a technology in itself, but a group of technologies. Ajax uses a combination of HTML and CSS to mark up and style information. The DOM is accessed with JavaScript to dynamically display, and to allow the user to interact with, the information presented. JavaScript and the XMLHttpRequest object provide a method for exchanging data asynchronously between browser and server to avoid full page reloads 70-642 braindump.

In the 1990s, web browsers and web sites lacked the sophistication to provide a quick and responsive user experience. Online form entry could be tedious, since all the requested information had to be entered and then submitted to the web server. The form data was validated and if there were problems, the same form was again presented to the user. The flow of information and the resulting experience was choppy and disconnected, reflecting the stateless nature of HTTP.
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